Malt Extract 

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Vitamin B7 

-It helps metabolize carbohydrates and amino acids and contributes to the breakdown of fats in your body. Additionally, biotin supplement is effective in protecting eye health. 
 
-Provides protection by increasing the elasticity and hydration of dry areas between the paw pads and on the skin. 
 
-It reduces erythema foci on the skin and increases collagen activity. It also positively affects skin health and feather quality. 
 
- It helps metabolize carbohydrates and amino acids and contributes to the breakdown of fats in your body. Additionally, biotin supplement is effective in protecting eye health. 

Calcium Lactate 

- It is effective in reducing bone loss and maintaining bone density. It is an effective mineral in ensuring strong bone health. 
 
-Calcium is an element that performs numerous biological functions in the body. One of its most important functions is skeletal mineralization. Calcium is the main component of bone, more than 99% of which is found in the form of calcium-phosphate complexes. It provides the strength and structure of the skeleton, making the bone a metabolic reservoir to maintain the intracellular and extracellular calcium pool. 
 
-The remaining 1% of calcium is found in blood, extracellular fluids, muscles and other tissues. Here, it is responsible for muscle contraction, vascular contraction, vasodilation, nerve impulse transmission and intracellular communication. 
 
-Calcium intake affects bone mass by increasing calcium retention in the skeleton during bone growth, playing an important role in preventing bone loss and osteoporotic fractures in later life. Therefore, ensuring adequate calcium intake for our pets throughout life is a necessary supplement for bone health, preventing osteoporosis and related fractures. 

Vitamin C 

-Ascorbic acid is the main component in the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. It stimulates and modulates the proliferation of various mesenchyme-derived cell types, including osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes, and odontoblasts. 
 
-Ascorbic acid (vit. C) provides a protective effect against damage to hair cells. 
 
- Ascorbic acid plays a role in extracellular matrix production. 
 
-It has the ability to serve as a cofactor for prolyl and lysyl hydroxylases, which are important for collagen synthesis. 
 
- Additionally, ascorbate stimulates steady-state messenger RNA synthesis of a number of cartilage matrix components, including type I collagen, type II collagen, alpha subunit of prolyl 4-hydroxylase, lysyl hydroxylase. 
 
- It prevents pathological cartilage disorders by antioxidant mechanism or by increasing basic cartilage matrix components. 
 
-Provides effective protection of nephrons against acute renal failure. 
 
- Vitamin C is also a highly effective antioxidant, protecting essential molecules in the body, such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, DNA and RNA, from damage by free radicals and reactive oxygen species that can be produced during normal metabolism, as well as during normal metabolism. The eye has a particularly high metabolic rate and therefore has an additional need for antioxidant protection. 
 
-In addition to being a source of antioxidants, Vitamin C helps slow down cataracts and prevents macular degeneration. 

Vitamin E 

- Vitamin E helps prevent cognitive decline with its strong antioxidant effect. 
 
- Many eye conditions are believed to be related to oxidative stress, an imbalance between antioxidants and free radicals in your body. Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant that helps protect your cells, including your eye cells, from damage by free radicals, which are harmful, unstable molecules. It is also a vitamin that prevents cataracts and macular degeneration. 
 
-Vitamin E is an important antioxidant that scavenges free radicals produced by lipid peroxidation. 
 
-Low alpha tocopherol levels are associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease, and alpha tocopherol intake is known to be protective against coronary artery diseases. 
 
- It provides inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation, protection of endothelial function, inhibition of monocyte-endothelial adhesion, inhibition of monocyte reactive oxygen species. 
 
-As the most powerful antioxidant known, it concentrates in cell membranes and forms the first line of defense as a free radical scavenger against lipid peroxidation in protecting cell membrane integrity. With these effects, it is effective in protecting and strengthening the skin. 
 
- It increases cell-mediated immune responses. It also has regulatory roles on immune function and cancer. 
 
-Vitamin E may have protective effects against cataracts and glaucoma. 
 
-In addition to its antioxidative activities, vitamin E has anti-inflammatory, antiplatelet, anticancer, osteo- and neuroprotective effects. 

Vitamin K 

-It prevents osteoarthritis by activating matrix gla proteins, which inhibit bone proteins that cause joint calcifications. 
 
-Vitamin K is necessary for the production of the protein called prothrombin, which also has various functions in bone metabolism. 

Vitamin B2 

Vitamin B2 riboflavin is a nutrient that must be taken daily. Since it is not stored in the body, it must be taken externally daily. 

Vitamin B6 

-The deficiency of vitamin B6, which is effective in the regular functioning of the immune system, puts pressure on the immune system. Vitamin B6 has important effects on the offsprings strong immune system. 
 
-Protects the health of the brain and nervous system. 

Vitamin B12 

-It is an important intermediary metabolism that affects DNA synthesis and regeneration of erythrocytes. It also regulates the metabolism of fatty acids, glucose and amino acids. 
 
- It takes part in purine and pyrimidine biosynthesis in cholesterol and glycol metabolism. 

Zinc 

-Zinc, which is essential for the integrity of the immune system, is important in shaping immune competence, immunoregulation and resistance against microorganisms as it plays a role in the formation of specific antibodies. In zinc deficiency, there is a decrease in phagocytosis, chemotaxis, total lymphocyte count, thyroid and thymus functions, and gamma globulins. 
 
-Zinc and magnesium supplements are known to modulate the intestines. 
 
-It is used in the treatment of skin diseases by participating in the structure of many enzymes, proteins and hormones, and by playing a role in the immune system and thyroid functions, protection from infections, iodine metabolism, wound healing, and hair and feather development. 
 
- Zinc ions are found in the enzyme superoxide dismutase, which plays an important role in scavenging superoxide radicals. Regarding the eye, zinc plays important roles in antioxidant and immune function. 
 
There is evidence that dietary antioxidants and anti-inflammatories may be beneficial in reducing the risk of age-related eye disease. 

Vitamin B1 

- Vitamin B1 (thiamine) helps the body convert carbohydrates into energy. It has a significant effect on the functioning of the heart, nerves and muscles. 
 
- It is effective in reducing the risk of cataracts by protecting eye health. 

L-Taurine 

-Taurine is an essential amino acid that is effective in vision and reproductive functions of cats, which cannot be synthesized in the body and must be taken externally. 
 
- Taurine improves intestinal digestive function and regulates glycolipid metabolism to improve the utilization of dietary carbohydrates. 
 
-Taurine also facilitates intermediary metabolism, including promoting the activities of key enzymes in glycolysis and lipid synthesis and reducing the levels of gluconeogenesis rate-limiting enzymes to maintain glucose homeostasis. 

Echinacea Extract 

-It has immune regulatory effects, increasing respiratory activity resulting in phagocytosis activation, fibroblast stimulation and leukocyte motility enlargement. 
 
-It is very good for upper respiratory tract infections, and Echinacea prevents constipation by acting as a natural and mild laxative.